Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS) Practice Exam

What is the operation of an autoclave based on?

1. Free-flowing steam

2. Chemicals

3. Steam under pressure

4. Sound waves

The correct answer is: Steam under pressure

The operation of an autoclave is based on steam under pressure, which is crucial for effective sterilization. When steam is generated within the chamber of an autoclave, it can reach temperatures higher than the boiling point of water, due to the pressure being elevated. This high-temperature steam is able to penetrate and destroy microorganisms and spores, making it an excellent method for sterilizing equipment, tools, and materials commonly used in medical and laboratory settings. The combination of high temperature and pressure enhances the efficacy of the sterilization process, ensuring that even resistant pathogens are efficiently eliminated. Moreover, the steam's ability to replace air in the chamber is essential for achieving the necessary conditions for sterilization, as dry heat would not reach the same level of efficacy. This principle of utilizing steam under pressure distinguishes autoclaving as a reliable and widely adopted sterilization technique.