Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS) Practice Exam

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What is mitosis?

Infection disease
Bone disorders
Division of cells
Deviation from statistical mean

The correct answer is: Division of cells

Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. This fundamental biological process is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. During mitosis, the cell undergoes several stages—prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase—ensuring that the duplicated chromosomes are accurately distributed between the two new cells. This precise division is crucial for maintaining the correct number of chromosomes and genetic consistency throughout cell generations. The other options relate to different concepts that do not encompass the process of cell division. For instance, infection diseases involve the invasion of pathogens and are unrelated to the cellular division process. Bone disorders pertain to structural problems in bones or related tissues, which also do not connect to the mechanics of cellular replication. Lastly, deviation from statistical mean describes a concept in statistics, not biology or cellular processes. Understanding mitosis is important for comprehending how organisms grow and maintain their cellular structures.