Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (CSMLS) Practice Exam

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What does a decreased hematocrit indicate?

Hemophilia
Anemia
Lipemia
Leukopenia

The correct answer is: Anemia

A decreased hematocrit level typically indicates anemia, which occurs when there are not enough red blood cells to adequately carry oxygen throughout the body. Hematocrit is defined as the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells, and lower levels suggest a reduced capacity for oxygen transport, often due to factors like blood loss, nutritional deficiencies, or chronic diseases. Hemophilia primarily affects blood clotting and does not directly associate with changes in hematocrit, although it may lead to anemia if there is significant bleeding. Lipemia relates to an elevated level of lipids in the blood and does not influence the volume of red blood cells. Leukopenia refers to a decreased white blood cell count and does not impact hematocrit directly. Thus, a decreased hematocrit is most closely associated with anemia.